INVERTED SENTENCE

Inverted sentence adalah pola pembalikan kalimat yang mulanya berpola “Subjek + Verb” menjadi “Verb + Subjek” untuk menekankan makna kalimat yang dimaksud.

JENIS-JENIS INVERTED SENTENCE:

QUESTIONS (Pertanyaan)

Dalam kalimat pertanyaan (apakah ‘Yes/No Question’ atau WH-Question), akan ditemukan pola pembalikan (inversion).

e.g.

• What does the woman mean?*

           V_aux          S              V_utama

• Where are you now?

* NOTE : Dalam kalimat pernyataan, WH-Question tidak boleh diinversi (dibalik), seperti :

• I don’t know what does the woman mean. (SALAH)
• I don’t know what the woman means. (BENAR)

EXPLETIVE “THERE”

Ketika sebuah kalimat diawali oleh “there” (yang bermakna ada/exist)

e.g.

• Where there is a will, there is a way.
• There are many people in the class.

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE OF PLACE

Ketika sebuah kalimat diawali oleh prepositional phrase (prep. + noun) yang menunjukkan makna tempat (place) dan ‘main verb’-nya berupa “intransitive” (kata kerja yang tidak punya objek).

e.g.

• In Magelang lies Mount Bromo which is always visited by many tourists.

(asalnya → Mount Bromo which is always visited by many tourists lies in Magelang)

• At the airport are many International tourists who will travel around Indonesia.

(asalnya → Many International tourists who will travel around Indonesia are at airport)

NEGATIVE WORDS

Ketika sebuah kalimat diawali dengan beberapa jenis kata atau ekspresi ‘negatif’ (negative words/expressions), seperti:

POLA: NEGATIVE WORDS + AUXILIARY VERB + SUBJECT + VERB (MAIN)

e.g.

• No sooner had he said something wrong than his girlfriend burst into tears.
• Never does Amin come late.

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Conditional Sentence tipe 2 dan 3 bisa diinversi ketika conjunction “if”-nya hilang dan yang diinversi adalah rangkain klausa ‘if clause’.

e.g.

• If I were a superhero, I would help many people.

→ Were I a superhero, I would help many people. (Inversion)*

• If my friend had owned much money, he would have gotten married.

→ Had my friend owned much money, he would have gotten married. (Inversion)

* NOTE : Inversi type 2 adalah ketika main verb dalam ‘if clause’ berupa “were”

“ONLY” TIME/PLACE EXPRESSIONS

Ketika sebuah kalimat diawali oleh “only + time expressions” seperti only now, only once, only then, only before/after, only for + time, only at + time, etc., maka subjek dan verbnya harus diinversi.

ELLIPTICAL SENTENCE

Kalimat ‘elliptical’ yang menggunakan pola “so + auxiliary + S” termasuk ke dalam kalimat yang harus diinversi. Untuk “neither + auxiliary + S” termasuk kedalam negative words.

e.g.

• I am doing my homework, so are you.
• My father read newspaper last morning, so did I.

SENTENCE PRECEDED BY “SO” OR “LITTLE”

Jika sebuah kalimat diawali oleh ‘so & little’ yang tidak disertai dengan noun, maka pola subjek dan verbnya harus diinversi.

e.g.

• Little did my brother know that he had mastered English grammar.
• So beautiful is Mount Bromo that many people greatly want to see it.