Derivative adalah pembentukan kata dengan menggunakan awalan (prefix) atau akhiran (suffix).
Jenis-jenis derivative:
ADJECTIVE FORMING
Asli : Nice, Big, Great, Complete, etc.
Bentukan (Derivation)
- able/ible : reasonable, incredible
- al : mortal, partial
- ern : northern, southern
- ful : beautiful, colorful
- ic : bionic, economic
- ous : dangerous, fabulous
- ive : creative, innovative
- ish : childish, reddish, greyish
- less : careless, helpless
- ant : distant, significant
- ent : diligent, confident, evident
- noun+ly : friendly, womanly, lovely
- ing : interesting,amazing
- ed : interested, amazed, bored
Letak Adjective
- Sebelum Noun
E.g.: dangerous area
- Setelah Linking Verbs/Main Verb “be”
Note: “be” (is, am, are, was, were, been)
Taste Sound Remain
Look Feel Stay
Seem Turn Grow
Appear Become Smell, etc.
E.g.: She is tired, and looks pale.
NOUN FORMING
Asli : Book, System, Design, etc.
Bentukan (Derivation)
- ion : relation, discussion
- ment : statement, government
- ness : darkness, happiness
- ity : reality, activity, quality
- ence/ance : difference, importance
- hood : childhood, manhood
- ship : partnership, leadership
- dom : wisdom, kingdom, freedom
- ht/th : height, weight, length
- ogy : biology, terminology
- age : courage, linkage
Letak Noun
- Sebagai Subjek dan Objek dalam kalimat
E.g.: he shows his wisdom in this case.
- Sebagai inti kata dalam Noun Phrase
E.g.: a useful discussion
E.g.: Jack is 5’6” in height.
ADVERB FORMING
Asli : Fast, Hard, Long, High, Well
| Adjective + ly = Adverb |
Bentukan :
Seperti: Beautiful + ly = beautifully
Great + ly = greatly
Letak adverb
- Setelah/sebelum verb
E.g.: He carefully moved the table.
Indah sings beautifully in the concert.
- Sebelum adjective/adverb
E.g.: extremely careless
- Tidak boleh sebelum NOUN
E.g.: I love the beautifully girl (salah)
I love the beautiful girl (benar)
VERB FORMING
Asli : Go, Walk, Sing, etc.
Bentukan (Derivation)
- ify : identify, clarify, beautify
- en : lengthen, widen, fasten
- (i)ze : nationalize, analyze
- en- : endanger, enlarge
Letak Verb
- Pada pola S + P
E.g.: Please, take your seat and fasten your seat belt.
- Setelah Modals
E.g.: We will analyze the research together.
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